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Method

The method, stage by stage

Every AR+D engagement runs through four stages: immerse, analyze, design, implement. Below is what happens in each stage, what you receive, and where the stage shows in our work. The sector changes with each problem. The method does not.

Why one method

What stays fixed, and what we relearn

AR+D is a research and development firm, and research is the part of our work that transfers. The questions we open with do not depend on the sector. We ask who the problem affects, what the evidence shows, and what has been tried elsewhere. Those questions work the same way in a state agency, a public health program, and a school of pharmacy.

What we relearn each time is the domain: its facts, its stakeholders, and its regulation. Immerse is where that relearning happens, before anything is proposed. We follow the problem, not the sector.

The four stages

What happens at each stage

  1. Stage

    Immerse

    We listen before we propose. Stakeholder mapping, environmental scans, and literature review establish root causes, not symptoms.

    What happens

    We map who has influence over the problem, what each group needs, and where their interests conflict. We interview and observe the people closest to it, from agency staff to frontline workers.

    We review the laws, regulations, and comparable programs in other jurisdictions. We search published and gray literature and report where the evidence is thin. This is where we learn a new domain before we recommend anything.

    What you receive
    • Stakeholder map
    • Interview and focus-group synthesis, coded into themes
    • Environmental scan of laws, regulations, and comparable programs
    • Literature review memo
    • Interview guides and survey drafts for the next stage
    Seen in
    Prevention Forward

    Audience research with healthcare professionals and community health workers came before any design work for the California Department of Public Health.

  2. Stage

    Analyze

    Quantitative data, qualitative insight, and patterns from other sectors, synthesized to show where change is most achievable.

    What happens

    We field surveys and analyze survey, administrative, and public datasets. Statistical models test which factors are driving the outcomes in question. Interview and focus-group themes sit next to the numbers, so each finding rests on both kinds of evidence.

    We test how each option would hold up if conditions change. We then weigh the options against the political, operational, and institutional constraints the client works within.

    What you receive
    • Survey results reported by audience segment
    • Statistical analysis of what drives the outcome
    • Evidence synthesis across studies
    • Options memo with tradeoffs and likely effects
    • Scenario tests for the leading options
    Seen in
    California Government Agency Partnerships

    Policy research and recommendations prepared for California state and municipal agencies were adopted by those agencies.

  3. Stage

    Design

    Strategies, programs, and platforms designed with the people who will use them, grounded in evidence and tested against real constraints.

    What happens

    We turn findings into a logic model that staff, funders, and evaluators can all work from. We lead workshops where stakeholders work through decisions together. We build clickable prototypes and test them with representative users before the full build.

    We set the evaluation indicators and data sources now, so results can be measured from launch. The engineers who will build the design review it for feasibility before it is final.

    What you receive
    • Program design with logic model and theory of change
    • Strategic plan or roadmap with milestones, owners, and decision points
    • Content and information architecture
    • Clickable prototype with usability findings
    • Evaluation plan with indicators and data sources
    Seen in
    Texas MPJE Short Course

    One shared MPJE module format, designed to be filled in state by state, with Texas as one installment.

  4. Stage

    Implement

    We build what we design. Measurement starts on day one, and we iterate until the outcomes are real.

    What happens

    Our engineers write the backend, data, and interface code and connect it to the systems a client already runs. We write the operating plan for launch: roles, workflows, training needs, and checkpoints. Training, outreach, and content go out in the languages the audience speaks.

    We track the indicators set during Design and revise in short rounds based on user feedback and usage. We support client teams as they adopt the new program or tool.

    What you receive
    • Working platform, program, or tool in use
    • Implementation plan with roles, workflows, and checkpoints
    • Training and outreach materials
    • Measurement dashboard tied to the evaluation plan
    • Revision log
    Seen in
    Restspace

    Restspace (AR+D venture) was designed, engineered, and launched across eight utility categories, with a native iOS app and QR self check-in.

The method applied

One engagement, start to finish

Prevention Forward is a platform AR+D designed and built for the California Department of Public Health's Chronic Disease Control Branch, funded by the CDC.

01Immerse
We ran audience research with healthcare professionals and community health workers, the people the platform would serve.
02Analyze
Three gaps defined the problem. Existing tools were fragmented. They were English-only. They were not designed for frontline health workers in underserved communities.
03Design
We designed a bilingual content architecture in English and Spanish, built in CDC's National Diabetes Prevention Program framework, and wrote original health equity policy templates and training resources.
04Implement
We built the platform from the ground up and led content production across it. It serves healthcare professionals across California. Health equity policy templates and cultural humility best practices are published there, a webinar series on diabetes prevention and heart health was delivered, and heart disease and diabetes factsheets went out statewide.
Why it travels

Why the method travels between sectors

The domain changes from one engagement to the next. The tools of the method carry over. Interview guides, survey instruments, and measurement frameworks are built to be adapted and reused. Outreach models and platform architecture move between sectors the same way.

One idea shows this in two sectors. Prevention Forward runs on a bilingual content architecture: one structure, filled in for each audience. The MPJE modules for a school of pharmacy run on a shared format: one structure, filled in for each state. The design problem underneath was the same.

Research training is what makes that transfer possible. It teaches us to define a problem before we sort it by sector. A pattern found in one field can then be tested in another.

Working rules

Three rules that apply at every stage

Each rule applies throughout. Each one shows most clearly in one stage.

  1. Standards Without Rigidity

    We hold our research methods to a high standard and adapt them to each client's conditions. Evidence decides what we recommend. Context decides how it is carried out.

    Most visible in Analyze

  2. Equity as Infrastructure

    Equity is built into how we hire, how we research, and how we design. In Design, we plan how the communities a program serves take part, from advisory groups and listening sessions to usability testing.

    Most visible in Design

  3. Language Access

    We offer language services. Research, training, and outreach reach communities in the languages they speak. In Implement, materials are produced in each audience's language, as Prevention Forward was in English and Spanish.

    Most visible in Implement

Engagement types

Ways to engage

Most engagements start in one of four ways. Each covers a different part of the method.

  • Research & analysis

    We design and run a study on a defined question, from literature review and interviews to surveys and statistical analysis.

    Spans: Immerse, Analyze

  • Strategic consulting

    We turn research and stakeholder input into a strategic plan or recommendation that leadership can act on.

    Spans: Immerse, Analyze, Design

  • Program design & implementation

    We design a program with its logic model and evaluation plan, then support its launch, training, and measurement.

    Spans: all four stages

  • Product or technology development

    We research users, then design, build, and revise a platform, tool, or app until it works for its audience.

    Spans: all four stages, weighted to Design and Implement

Not sure which fits? Start with a conversation and we will scope which stages the problem needs.

We respond to inquiries within two business days.